Report on the case study Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Report on the case study - Coursework Example Critical Management Studies stresses at looking the organisation and management theory from wide variety of groups which are affected by educators and business managers who instruct them. Critical theory is one of the important philosophical foundations of critical management studies. Critical theory has more influence on development on CMS than any other related theoretical foundations like post-structuralism, labour process theory, critical realism etc. Critical theory has a distinct paradigmatic characteristics and unique philosophical tradition. Critical theory basically stresses on the reflective assessment by applying knowledge from humanities and social sciences. Critical management studies brought together post-structural writings and critical theory, but since then it as developed into more diverse directions. This report will take a look at the case study of Experiencing Depersonalised bullying with respect to call-centre agents. The case provided is based on the depersonalized bullying which occurs on the call-centre agents who are employed in International call centres in Bangalore and Mumbai in India. It focuses on the oppressive regime faced by them in the workplace. The kind of bullying regime faced by them can be attributed to the service level agreements which exist between the clients and employers. This sets the tone for organisational practices. The call centre agents accept such kind of tough working conditions because of material gains and professional identities gained by them. Capitalist labour relations in the workplace bullying set the tone for such kind of oppression in the workplace. Call centre industry in India is an emerging industry. It is known as ITES-BPO sector which now contributes majorly to global offshoring business. In countries like South Africa, Philippines, Latin America and Eastern Europe this sector are an emerging sector while in India it remains in the developing stage. There

Construction Safety Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Construction Safety - Coursework Example OSHA guidelines in many states act as mere guidelines and not the law as construction accidents increase as time goes by. This has caused many states e.g. Massachusetts and Connecticut to have in place stricter guidelines that highly follow OSHA rules or supersede them. Furthermore, these states ensure that the OSHA rules are followed to the letter e.g. the 10 hr-OSHA training (Ireland, 2006). As it has been seen trenching is an area that requires huge attention as fatalities and injuries are alarmingly high. Trenching has many regulations as to safety of the workers but they are hardly followed by construction firms. The case of Robert Harrell in Texas and Martin Samaniego in California are a clear proof of how neglected OSHA guidelines are. Investigations to these cases revealed that little had been done to protect these excavators from caving in or collapsing of the trenches they were working in. These are just but two fatality cases in two dozens reported yearly in the United States. Of importance to note is that more than 1000 cases of collapsed trenches are reported annually with non-fatal injuries (Ireland, 2006). The biggest issue that concerns safety in trench-related constructions is lack of enforcement of laid down regulations or guidelines. It is sad to note that in 2004 inspections in such sites by OSHA officials proved this fact. Around 90 percent of the inspected trench sites had no protective systems in place exposing the workers to immense danger of fatalities or injuries in case of cave-ins or collapse (Ireland, 2006). The remedial action that has been in force for quite a long time is the fining system. This shows that this system has faults or loopholes that are being taken advantage of by the contractors. For this reason some firms e.g. Morrilton and Koontz Electric Co. are known to disregard OSHA rules and enforce stiffer ones in their constructions (Ireland, 2006). Although sloping,

Knowledge Representation - The true value of knowledge in an Essay

Knowledge Representation - The true value of knowledge in an organisation - Essay Example Learning as well as knowledge has been found to go together along with complimenting each other. It has also been learnt to involve numerous years for the comparatively developed nations to make approaches from agricultural form to knowledge-motivated and finally to industrial economies. This particular transformation is believed to keep constantly provoking the organizations towards enhanced performance (Benett & Benett, 2004). The notion of knowledge management was learnt to be quite fresh during the previous decade which resulted in creating significant degree of apprehension and enthusiasm. The subject of knowledge management also attracted noteworthy amount of attention and acknowledgment for its related prospective with regard to manipulate the freshly identified positive feature in terms of knowledge which in its course is believed to elevate the degree of effectiveness of the organizations. A definite notion was also deciphered during the century that organizations were competent of enhancing their proficiencies with the help of learning which was further observed as quite likely to lead towards dexterity as well as gaining enhanced competitive advantages (Benett & Benett, 2004). . From a similar perspective, this paper will intend to assess the significance of knowledge management in organizations with reference to its related strategies. This paper will also intend to focus on the imperativeness of knowledge management in organizations and the various strategies in relation to knowledge management. The idea of knowledge management is still regarded as a fresh field and thus, a noteworthy degree of learning in the way of trial and error is yet constantly taking place. However, knowledge management has been observed to emerge victorious in structuring quite an imperative number of processes that have proved to be successful and ascertained its worth in relation to quite a number of firms as they still keep exerting

Signal Transmission Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Signal Transmission - Assignment Example The length of the antenna should be more or equal to the wavelength. In order to transmit higher wavelength frequency, the length of the antenna should be larger that become unpractical. In order to limit the size of the antenna, carrier frequencies are used that have powerful signal frequencies. Carrier frequencies make it possible to send and receive the radio waves under a set operating range. It limits the distortion and interference with other frequencies. Carrier frequencies allow the transmission of the signal frequencies to be transmitted wirelessly. Radio waves require carrier frequencies for the transmission as carrier frequencies make it easier to transmit the information through space. Carrier frequencies work in a fixed band where the power transmitted through the carries is considerably higher as compared to that of the packed radio frequencies. Carrier frequencies are transmitted by using a similar physical transmission medium. Signal frequencies and carrier frequencie s are modulated in a manner that the receiver can easily separate the two frequencies. Mainly two basic modulation techniques are used for the transmission of the carrier frequencies. Frequencies modulation and amplitude modulation are the basic types of modulation techniques used extensively. In frequency modulation, the signal frequencies are mixed with the frequency of the carrier frequency and in amplitude modulation techniques, the signal frequencies are mixed with respect to the amplitude of the carrier frequency.

Business financing and the capital structure Assignment

Business financing and the capital structure - Assignment Example Companies can either decided to use equity or debt or a combination of the both. Whichever source is chosen; the following should be noted: Debt finance is a source that earns a fixed return (interest) to the lender. The interest is fixed at the par value of the debt (face value). This source of finance is ideal to be sought by a company that has a strong base of equity. Debt funding is only available to qualified companies based on credit ratings, and its availability is limited to the value of the security provided (Chandra, 2011). Advantages of Using debt finance – first, the interest charged on the debt is tax allowable. Second, the cost of debt is fixed regardless of the profits made by a company and due to that, under high profits, the cost of debt becomes lower. Third, it does not involve many formalities and due to that, it is suitable when a source of finance is required urgently. Fourth, if the debt is long-term, the amount owing declines with time, thus reduces the repayment burden to the borrower. Fifth, this type of finance does not influence a company’s decision since creditors do not participate in the annual general meeting (Chandra, 2011). Disadvantages of debt finance – first, it can only be invested with the lender’s approval. Second, when used in excess, the creditors might demand a representation on the Board of Directors. The representation might affect a company’s decision-making. Third, it is risky to use it during an economic decline because its usage might send a company into receivership. Lastly, it is only available for specific ventures, thus might affect the flexibility of the company’s investment strategy (Chandra, 2011). Equity capital - it is raised from the public through the sale of ordinary shares. This source of finance is available exclusively to Limited Companies. It is a changeless finance source, as the shareholders cannot review this cash except under liquidation. It is, along these lines,

Gothic Tales and Edgar Allan Poe Essay Example for Free

Gothic Tales and Edgar Allan Poe Essay Compare The Tell-Tale Heart with The Black Cat. How, in these tales, does Poe draw on the Gothic tradition and take us into the tormented, diseased minds of his narrators In both The Tell-Tale Heat and The Black Cat there are many gothic effects used. For example, the gruesome concealment of the victims is described in a deadpan but detailed manner. In The Black Cat our narrator describes all of his options and then illustrates exactly how he carried it out, I easily dislodged the bricks, and, having carefully deposited the bodyHaving procured mortar, sand, and hairI prepared a plaster which could not be distinguished from the old Then in The Tell-Tale Heart he describes this concealment procedure again, I took up the flooringthen replaced the boards so cleverly so cunningly the no human eyecould have detected anything wrongnothing to wash outno blood-spot whatever. Both narrators seem proud at their astute covering-up of the innocent victims. The gruesome lexis, mixed with the matter-of-fact tone gives off a horrifyingly insane, but calm feel to the passage. Also the motives for the killing seemed irrational and over emotional in both stories. This is another typical Gothic characteristic. In The Tell-Tale Heart he says I loved the old mannever wronged menever given me insultOne of his eyes resembled that of a vulturetake the life of the old mad, and thus rid myself of the eye forever. His incentive was unreasonable; he states that there is no other reason than his eye. In The Black Cat his reason for the first killing of his cat Pluto was perversenessfor no other reason than because he knows he should not? In this part of the passage it seems strange as he seems to be excusing himself for the sin he is about to narrate to us. Then also at the end of the story when he kills his wife because she stopped him from killing the second cat he says, this blow was arrested by the hand of my wife. Goaded, by the interference, into a rage more than demoniacal buried the axe in her brain. She fell dead upon the spot. The lexis used here is brutal and infernal, typical of Gothic writers rage more than demoniacal references to the devil highlight the white hot anger surging inside the twisted narrator. The use of an unreliable, villainous storyteller was not a typical Gothic feature at the time but it has greatly influenced future authors who write in the Gothic style. In both tales the narrators give off an intensely nervous energy by using repetition and strong, unruly lexis. The first line of The Tell-Tale Heart sets the tone for the whole story instantly TRUE!-nervous-very, very dreadfully nervous I had been and am; but why will you say that I a mad? The dashes break up the sentences making them erratic; this is helped by the uneven sentence structure and the fusion of long and short clauses to make the whole pace of the story jerky and uneven. A typical Gothic feature that appears in only The Tell Tale Heart and not The Black Cat is the use of the night. The narrator describes how that every night, just at twelve, I looked in upon him while he slept. Also the murder itself was committed at night and the use of the disguise of darkness gives an eerie feel to the piece and emphasis the Gothic tone of the story. However in The Black Cat the story was described through the day and the night and the murders of both the narrators wife and cat were during the day. Although this was not traditionally Gothic, and the description of the gruesome death caused some sections of the story to be more in the genre of horror. An element of Gothic literature that was in The Black Cat and not The Tell Tale Heart was the use of omens, obviously the title itself was a bad omen at the time and the other story had no omens, other than the heart beat motif that causes the narrator to confess his sins to the police. The title itself was not the only omen used in The Black Cat; Poe writes about two other obvious omens in this tale. Firstly the large imprint of the figure of a gigantic cat There was a rope about the animals neck, this was left on the wall the night after our narrator had killed his cat, this is not a figment of his imagination though as other people around can see it; later on however the narrator describes a mark of white hair, which shows the image of a hideous -of a ghastly thing -of the GALLOWS! This is more likely to be an illusion as the remorse builds up inside him. But he describes it as terrible engine of Horror and of Crime -of Agony and of Death! The lexis used here is full of anger and is very strong. The capitalisation of the more significantly brutal words personifies these aspects and emphasises the narrators fear of the cat and of guilt. Poe uses many different techniques to suck the reader into the mind of his narrators. For example in the The Tell Tale Heart he describes his disease to the reader and excuses his actions. The disease has sharpened my senses, not destroyed, not dulled them. This line shows how the narrator is quite openely conceited. His insanity is revealed to us in a number of ways, firstly the deadpan tone of many parts of the passage give the reader an eery feeling of calm, that causes a disturbing sensation, such as when the narrator is describing his method of concealing his victims corpse, I took up three planksdeposited allthen replaced the boards This use of everyday lexis deposited almost makes us forget that he is talking about a corpse, it makes the whole procedure sound mundane, which gives the impression of madness but also numbness to the narrator. Secondly, his lunacy is exposed to us as the character of the narrator is unravelled through the story. Throughout, hints are dropped as to the overconfidence of our narrator, repetition of various phrases. what had I now to fear? and then again when the officers arrived, for what had I to fear? This reiteration of egotism makes us feel as if the narrator is reassuring himself that he is confident, and suggests to the reader that he has inexplicable insecurities lying beneath his cool exterior. Also in The Tell Tale Heart Poe uses many capitalised words and short, broken phrases to speed up the pace of parts of the account. They heard! they suspected! they KNEW! This shows how truly nervous and petrified the narrator is, and with the staggered, gaunt sentence structure makes the reader feel the same way, even if not to the same extent. A way in which The Black Cats method of pulling the reader into the mindset of a murderous narrator is near the beginning we are given some background about the narrators life. In The Tell Tale Heart we were given no information about setting or circumstance to help us detail our image. I find that this helps more as we have more pictures painted to us and these can then feed our imagination to produce a far more complex, but realistic understanding of the narrators mental situation. I was especially fond of animals, This line is quite ironic, as we learn from the rest of the story he seems to, infact, have a severe problem with cats. The way in which Poe implies the insanity of the narrator is in the language used to describe his cats. sagacious to an astnoishing degree His strange attachment to the cat gave the narrator an untrustworthy and evil feel. Then when he describes his motives for hanging his first cat, Pluto, this insinuates utter, pschotic madness, the spirit of PERVERSENESShave we not a perpetual inclinationto violate that which is Law This strange, confused motive gives the narrator a trace of humanity, but more of a childlike malevolence which emitts an air of wickedness. This infantile but wicked narrator, I find, is more chilling than the more simple, insane and evil narrator in The Tell Tale Heart, because of its uncanny likeness to reality. A similarity between The Black Cat and The Tell Tale Heart is that both narrators have a sense of superiority about them and this strong impression of narcissism makes the reader feel overwhelmed by malice and also builds up a strong feeling of resentment to their disagreeable characters. In both stories, the narrators end with a confession to their terrible deeds, both obviously caused by insolence and bravado. Another feature that is in The Black Cat but not The Tell Tale Heart is the sense of paranoia given off by the narrator, about the mark of white hair on his second cats chest, the markof which I have spokenassumed a rigorous distinctness of outlinethe image of a hideous- of a ghastly thing of the GALLOWS! This paranoia of an omen about the sadistic murder of Pluto blatently lays out the narrators madness and causes the reader to feel possibly more sympathetic, but more likely, to feel more estranged from the narrator. In conclusion I found the ways in which we were drawn into the psychotic mind of our killers were more effective in The Black Cat, as some were more subtle, but the more obvious ones were easier to spot and gave a more definite and outlined picture of the narrators psyche. However, I found that the typical Gothic features used in The Tell Tale Heart made it more Gothic than in The Black Cat and also made the tale more chilling, even if not as gruesome or detailed as The Black Cat.

The BP Oil Spill and Considering Business Ethics

The BP Oil Spill and Considering Business Ethics Based on the BP Oil Explosion in Texas, the tragedy caused huge environment damages and the threaten to human safety and health: the deep-water oil spilled on the ocean and the shorelines, the effects on the ecology of coastline and marine habits, the burning-off oil-water mix causing air pollution, the hazardous material leak into the atmosphere, the old drum too closed to highly flammable Isom waiting to explode, in which 5 workers were killed and 170 were injured on March 23 2005. The problems with the incident involve unsafe working environment, disproportionate efforts and insufficient information of safety knowledge. While this error attributes to the workers individual improper act, the statement is inaccurate in that it fails to reflect how to make safety environment in working in BP oil plants. In addition, between BPs upper-class executives, who made more scandals, in order to reduce operation costs and make better financial business cycles, they even resigned avoid to accident responsibility, made false audit financial statement, disapproved Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board reports, delayed all essential expenditures. On the other hand, who is responsibility for handling with the accidents, who is taking care of employees safety and life, and who is preserving the earth we live and giving us good environment? According to the accident BP oil spill explosion in Texas refinery, it has caused serious environment damage and irreversible dead and injured. This inspiration is given is that the corporation have to ensure the corporation security, find out security problems to avoid the accident happen again. In this accident, the spokesman of BP Ron Chapman claimed, The BP fatal investigation team did not identify previous budget decisions or lack of expenditure as a critical factor or immediate cause. The clarification is vague and unacceptable. To enhance corporation safety, we could reveal the fact by discounting several of clues: The claim that the workers injures are caused by of the workers individual inattention to the safety code is doubtful. According to Baker Panels reports, the BPs employee agreed to follow the existing security conduction. In contrast, Bakers Panel found that the workers were lack of operating discipline, which implicates the responsibility vaguely. In Baker Panels r eports, on 9th Dec 2005 BP invested 10,000,000 on Texas. Unfortunately, BP dealt with the accident on financial way. BPs irresponsible attitude could be found on Lord Browne, BPs chief executives early retirement when the accident happened. Afterwards, BPs safety policies are stops at paper work only to exhibit the safety and health regulations. In the similar way, the boards of director and executives monitored the safety systems by emphasizing the workers safety repeatedly on the reports. And, another irresponsible attitude is, Carolyn Merrits, chair of CBS, said CBSs executives disagree with the report about the financial budgets. In corporations safety and health conduction, someone would responsible for safe operating practices. However, the workers do not have proper safety and health conduction to follow. The safety code in BP to acting is only concentrated on reducing personal injuries which is useless on save workers life such a dangerous industry, petroleum firm ignore th e safety process and can not control petroleum safety. First of all, I believe that the BPs employees, especially the workers do not be treated fairly based on the safety and healthy conduction. The law can not protect the employees from danger and threaten of the chemicals and petroleum. For example, the employee made much more efforts to earn their safety and only on preventing self injuries, not on all unexpected dangers and threatens. In addition, BP workers are lack of training based on the safety and health conduction. The workers do not have sufficient knowledge and training to fully make their work environment safely, so that the accidents happen all the time. While the accident happened, the workers cannot handle with the situation so that they lose their life or get injuries. However, by law, the corporation safety is supervised by Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Obviously, OSHA is an inefficient organization, and it does not supervise the corporation safety and health. As we read, OSHA did not help BP mak e Safety and Health code, OSHA did not inspected whether BPs safety action is accurate under the safety and health code periodically. OSHA did not make sure the workers use chemical in the right way, did not make sure the petroleum facilities are safe and did not make sure the worker works in a safe working environment. On the other hand, BP workers do not protect by the labor law, despite the corporations have to obey the law and respect the human rights, the company does not follow. The workers overtime work, explode on the danger environment, their life and safety are threatened all the time, and their human rights are not respected. In the second place, the financial cycles become an only factor in running companys business. In order to make more business benefit, the BP Company canceled security budget, thus BP used a pressure budget to run safety program which cause serious safety problem. On the basis of BPs financial statements, BP only bought cheap equipment so that it caused the blow down drum leak hazardous material into atmosphere. Moreover, the drum in Texas was built in 1950s and refitted in 1997 which is exactly old that is why caused BP explosion accident. So far as we know, on BPs financial statement, based on the oil majors mantra: squeeze more cash out of a well, or plant, by cutting costs to the bone, and delay all but essential expenditure. More cash from shrinking assets: higher returns. BP delayed all essential expenditure to other companies, government, investorsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ which is unfaithful to the people who supported BPs business, nevertheless, BP made more serious environment polluti on on them. To make matters worse, BP shrunk most of their assets to the cash which made more unstable business. Nevertheless, BPs executives were still proud of their financial management which made high profits and good business cycles. Such a company does not pay their expenditures, makes dangerous and unstable of assets and cashes, how could the citizens and residents listen to the company and trust the company? The only thing BP Company concerned about is high profit. To maintain adequate safety and health standards, companies must avoid: Business decision against safety and health regulations. Business decision against human rights. Business decision against environmental laws. Ineffective management on safety and health conduction. Ineffective management of OSHA. Ineffective management of safety and health line management. Ineffective management of broad committee. Insufficient information of safety and health discipline. Irresponsible attitude of management. Cost cutting in safety and health budget. Cost cutting in training, discipline of safety and health. Cost cutting in buying proper equipment or buy inexpensive equipment under safety and health code. Contribution to political interests, or other interests outside the companies. Participating unacceptable business practices. Under the business interests, the corporations tend to act on behalf of their own short-term interests, not on behalf of the environment. This clam gives rise to complex issues about business interests and corporation responsibilities. In my view, the claim assumes a distortedly narrow view of corporation responsibilities, ignoring certain aspects of more expenditure of safety and health and environment prevention. On the contrary, maximizing shareholders wealth and preserving security environment at times coincides and at times conflicts. While the companies may only focus on the business interests, an unknowing toxin pollutes the environment, it would be cost much more to clean up and restore the environment. Furthermore, the compensation of the dead and injury workers caused the companies more losing their interests than business interests. Thus the employees would lose their jobs, and the shareholders would lose their benefits as well. Thus it caused the increasing of the oil pri ces, consequently individuals all around the world paid for these irresponsible of environment damage. Financial cycle of course an important factor to be taken into account but there are also many more essential factors playing just as pivotal a role and not one of them, including, the safety and health, corporation environment, social obligation, good managementà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Corporation responsibilities is determining in every single case. However, few companies take more consideration of business benefits, but the BP explosion tragedy told us the importance of the corporation responsibilities: Financial cycle should not be overriding factor in running the business; the corporation should not take ethics in trading off individuals for the sake of its own profits. As it stands, the company need take corporation responsibilities to protect employees safety and preserving the nature environment. Accordingly, the corporations have to fairly treat their employees by following the labor law. The companies have to respect the human right of their employees; do not make the workers overtime work, make over efforts, and employees have the rights to have adequate discipline of safe and health working environment. Consequently, the corporations have to protect the employees safety and health by following the safety and health conduction. The corporation need have their own safety and health regulation to prevent the unexpected safety and health accidents. On this ground, the companies have to follow the relevant safety and health authorities conduction; the companies have to make sure have the proper safety and health action for employees to follow. The companies have to give the employees sufficient safety and health information, proper safety and heal th training, criteria safety and health facilities and review the safety and health conduction periodically. The workers not only have the knowledge of prevent individuals from injuries, should know about their job-related problems, but also having the thorough knowledge of the safety and health conduction to know how to protect their selves from danger chemicals, petroleum and unexpected accidents. While it makes some sense in a vague way to share the responsibilities, the obligations belong to individuals will allocated by all relevant lines of authority within the organization. When we do assign responsibility to organizations, it must be clearly distributed to individuals. Nowadays fewer and fewer individuals accept to work in a risk, unsafely and unhealthy working environment. More and more companies increase ethical standards to turn into the corporation responsibilities. The primary obligation to preserve the environment is necessarily to be obeyed by the companies. The corporation must, at the very least respect the law, respect the human rights; obey the safety and health regulations and environmental preserving conductions. The law and the human rights will priority to run the business. In order to practice the law, the companies require portioning out fixed and proper safety and health budget which is at least enough to maintain equipment, provide sufficient safe and health information and training to the employees as an essential budget in running the business. To prevent other external interests the companies from cutting the safety and health budget, the companies should not give political contributions or unacceptable business practices from corporation funds which other external interests could affect companies budgets. Besides, the penalties or compensations might be a measure to prevent companies unwilling to act corporation responsibilities. Furthermore, the corporations require obeying the safety and health regulation via the supervision of the directors of board committees and also the corporations require being supervision under safety, ethics and environment assurance committee. Moreover, the corporation could make ethical strategies into trading rules which benefit a corporation financially thus the shareholders will choose the high ethical to follow when pursuing high business interests. The government might be advised to enhance more safety and health competitions to stimulate more economy maximize highly ethical behavior when the businesses maximize profits. In the final conclusion, business ethical is always beyond business interests. Thus the choice to follow high ethical standards, in many cases, it will make the life better. Notwithstanding, few corporations concerned about their short-term interests, we could make the law to help the organizations to follow business ethics as an essential factor to make the company profits and help the company long-term survival. To make the good life, good future and achieve such goals, we encourage the leadership to turn into the right direction, to think more about ethical behavior when attempting to run the maximum profits. BPs oil spill explosion tragedy is an example to tell us to practice corporation responsibilities and preserve the nature environment. The safety and health environment belongs to each individual. Because workers, employees and individuals cannot scope the environment regulations and safety and health conductions, the corporations, industries, relative authorizations, and org anizations must to do so.